Trip generation and distribution: the inconsistency problem and a possible remedy

There are many shortcomings commonly associated with the conventional urban transportation modeling process. This paper focuses on one of the more important problems — the inconsistency between trip generation and distribution components — and suggests a possible way of alleviating it. The suggested approach involves sorting out the independent effects on tripmaking of origin, destination and travel cost characteristics, and introducing accessibility measures explicitly into the modeling process. The resulting modeling framework can be used to obtain consistent estimates of trip generation and distribution quantities which are responsive to changes in the transportation and spatial systems.     

大型客运站调机运用优化模型及算法

对铁路客运站调机运用进行科学合理的优化分析,对于提高客运站工作效率及保证旅客列车正点到发具有非常重要的意义。通过对客运站调机作业分析,建立客运站调机作业运用优化决策模型,将调机作业顺序模型转化为车辆数固定的、带时间窗口的车辆路径问题。采用模拟退火算法,实现调机运用的合理优化,并对模型和算法进行验证,得出优化效果明显的结论。     

基于谐波平衡法的Broyden网格分区迭代算法

在融合Broyden算法与网格分区思想的基础上,提出一种基于谐波平衡法且适用于对间隙型非线性动力系统进行频响特性分析的新型Broyden网格迭代算法.阐述了Broyden网格迭代算法的基本思想与计算流程.对决定该算法有效性的Broyden算法发散特性及不完整变量循环迭代过程等关键特性进行了分析与讨论.通过与相关文献采用的二分法所得的同等条件下的计算结果进行对比,证明该算法比二分法具有更好引导性与更全面的求解能力.通过网格分区的引导,该方法避免了数值迭代方法中普遍面临的迭代初值的盲目选择问题,为基于谐波平衡法全面考察间隙型非线性动力系统的频响特性提供了新途径.     

Camera calibration and vehicle tracking: Highway traffic video analytics

We describe a real-time highway surveillance system (RHSS), which operates autonomously to collect statistics (speed and volume) and generates incident alerts (e.g., stopped vehicles). The system is designed to optimize long-term real-time performance accuracy. It also provides convenient integration to an existing surveillance infrastructure with different levels of service. Innovations include a novel 3-D Hungarian algorithm which is utilized for object tracking and a practical, hands-off mechanism for camera calibration. Speed is estimated based on trajectories after mapping/alignment with respect to dominant paths learned based on an evolutionary dynamics model. The system, RHSS, is intensively evaluated under different scenarios such as rain, low-contrast and high-contrast lightings. Performance is presented in comparison to a current commercial product. The contribution is innovation of new technologies that enable hands-off calibration (i.e., automatic detection of vanishing points) and improved accuracy (i.e., illumination balancing, tracking via a new 3-D Hungarian algorithm, and re-initialization of background detection on-the-fly). Results indicate the capability and applicability of the proposed system in real-time and real-world settings.     

Multi-objective optimization of train routing problem combined with train scheduling on a high-speed railway network

Based on train scheduling, this paper puts forward a multi-objective optimization model for train routing on high-speed railway network, which can offer an important reference for train plan to provide a better service. The model does not only consider the average travel time of trains, but also take the energy consumption and the user satisfaction into account. Based on this model, an improved GA is designed to solve the train routing problem. The simulation results demonstrate that the accurate algorithm is suitable for a small-scale network, while the improved genetic algorithm based on train control (GATC) applies to a large-scale network. Finally, a sensitivity analysis of the parameters is performed to obtain the ideal parameters; a perturbation analysis shows that the proposed method can quickly handle the train disturbance.     

基于运行速度的公路几何线型优化设计探讨

首先阐述了运行速度的基本概念和运行速度的计算方法和评价准则。然后建立了运用遗传算法对公路几何线形进行优化的方法和步骤。最后提出了基于遗传优化算法的公路几何线形设计的方法和流程,为公路设计人员提供新的设计思路和方法。     

Foldable container in empty container repositioning in intermodal transportation network of Belt and Road Initiative: strengths and limitations

In 2013, the concept of the ‘Silk Road Economic Belt and the 21st-Century Maritime Silk Road (Belt and Road)’ was initiated by the Chinese government, which involves Asian, European and African continents and their adjacent seas. Logistics plays a core role in such a large framework of economy and trade. In recent years, China, European Union, and Southeast Asia pay much attention to the design and development of the intermodal transportation network towards both economic and environmental efficiency. In this paper, we propose an empty container repositioning model in the intermodal transportation network of Belt and Road (B&R) Initiative by considering both standard and foldable containers. In this model, empty containers are repositioned from the inland of the original area, such as China, to other areas of B&R Initiative related countries and regions, such as European Union and Southeast Asia. We develop a mixed integer linear programming model to determine the optimal repositioning of empty containers via the intermodal transportation network. An Artificial Bee Colony algorithm is developed to solve large size problems in practice and numerical experiments are conducted to show the efficiency of our proposed algorithm. We provide managerial insights regarding the impact on the network performance of foldable containers transportation.     

VTS中雷达信息与AIS信息融合的探讨

文章对VTS中雷达信息与AIS信息的来源、种类与特点进行了比较,论证了两者信息融合的可行性与必要性,同时给出了信息的融合模型与方法,也提出信息融合需要进一步解决的问题.     

半开放式的多配送中心纯电动车辆路径优化问题

电子商务促使越来越多的物流企业采用多配送中心模式优化车辆的配送路径,纯电动汽车逐渐替代了传统的燃油配送车辆,以改善生态环境. 结合多配送中心联合服务模式的特点和纯电动物流车辆的行驶特征,构建带时间窗的半开放式多配送中心纯电动车辆路径优化模型,设计蚁群算法对其求解. 算例对比分析结果表明：半开放式的多配送中心联合服务,能合理利用相关物流资源,改善车辆路径,降低物流费用,但需要寻找合适数量和位置的配送中心进行联合,才能达到节约成本的最佳效果;相比单配送中心,多配送中心联合服务提供了更多潜在的较低价格的充电点,在配送中心补充电量可在一定程度上节约物流成本.